Emerging controversy about working conditions and human rights abuses in carbon credit projects is highlighting corporate decision-makers’ need for thorough due diligence to avoid reputational risks. On February 19^th, Repórter Brasil revealed it had discovered slave labour conditions on a carbon credit project, operated by Maisa Project. Sixteen workers had been hired to clear 477 hectares of forest for a local farming operation – a clear contradiction of the purpose of a REDD+ project. Audi, Uber, Nike and Giorgio Armani had all purchased credits generated from the project. Although quality, effectiveness and additionality critiques have long been levelled at REDD+ projects, social concerns have gained less media attention. Co-benefits, or lack thereof, are an under-discussed element of the VCM. Clean cookstove projects – an avoidance project – have been challenged over their carbon claims. But the market accepts the role clean cookstove projects can play in improving public health in developing economies. Thus far, no consistent approach has been developed to quantify these claims in sustainability reports. In the face of a burgeoning removals market, expect corporate demand for quantifiable co-benefits to prop up the avoidance carbon credit market – the challenge will be establishing metrics to quantify impact.